A family financial plan can steer your family toward financial success, helping you achieve your life goals and minimizing the sacrifices you need to make to reach them. But developing a financial plan can be complex since you have so many factors to consider. On top of that, you need to revise your plan over time as your family’s needs and your life circumstances change.
“Building a family financial plan is an important step towards achieving your financial goals and ensuring the well-being of your family’s finances,” says Jordan Mangaliman, CEO of Goldline Financial Services in Fullerton, California.
How to Build a Family Financial Plan
A good financial plan helps your family effectively use its sources of income and balance those against current needs while anticipating future needs. The plan should help your family reach its short-term goals while preparing you to achieve your long-term goals as well.
1. Start with your family’s goals
The family financial plan begins with your goals, so you’ll want to understand what those are:
- Do you want to retire early and only take on projects that you find compelling?
- Do you want to simply build wealth for the future?
- Do you want to fund a good life for your spouse and children?
- Do you want to buy a dream house?
Whatever your goal, you need to identify it before you can start working toward it. Identifying your goal will help keep you motivated towards achieving it – perhaps the most difficult part.
Your financial plan is then structured around your goal and when you want to achieve it.
2. Build a budget to reach those goals
The “meat and potatoes” of a family financial plan is knowing your sources of income and your expenses, and then ensuring that you’re not living beyond your means. A good monthly budget will help you balance your near-term spending priorities and ensure that you’re saving some cash for the future too. A budget is the base from which good financial decisions are made.
An effective budget helps you prioritize spending so you’re not caught off-guard by upcoming expenses. It ensures that your wants don’t eclipse your needs and that you have money available when you do need it. A budget also helps you avoid going into debt – at least unplanned debt – which can make your financial goals even more difficult to achieve.
The budget factors in your regular income and spending and then can help you prioritize which areas you need to focus on. You can track your spending to see what your typical spending patterns are and where your money goes each month. Then you can cut back on spending in certain areas to prioritize those that are most important to achieving your financial goals.
As new priorities emerge – retirement savings, funding a child’s education, buying a home – you’ll need to adjust your budget to factor them in or risk racking up high-cost debt. The budget becomes the place where you financially reconcile these competing priorities into a plan.
3. Build that emergency fund
It can be easy to overlook an emergency fund, especially if it’s tough to balance your income and spending. But the emergency fund is a great way to protect yourself and keep moving toward your long-term goals because it can help you avoid having to take drastic measures.
“Establishing an emergency fund helps your family pay for unexpected expenses like a medical emergency or car repair,” says Mangaliman. “Aim to save at least six months’ worth of living expenses in a liquid and easily accessible account.”
The emergency fund should be a line item in your budget at least until you have that money saved up. This money is protection for you and your family’s financial goals, helping to ensure that some short short-term issue doesn’t derail your long-term plans.
Now is a great time to set up a high-yield savings account for your emergency fund.
4. Invest for the future
It can be easy to let your near-term expenses crowd out investing for the future, but you’ll want to be sure that you’re building for your financial future too:
- Retirement accounts: It can be easy to overlook these accounts, especially when you’re young, but don’t do it. Time is your biggest ally in retirement saving, so even starting small is important. Many employers offer a retirement plan such as a 401(k) or 403(b) that has various tax advantages, and many will offer you matching money if you contribute to it. In addition, everyone with earned income has access to an IRA, which allows you to invest on a tax-advantaged basis too.
- 529 accounts: If you have children or plan on having them, then you’ll want to consider how to pay for their college education, and a 529 plan can help you do that. It lets you invest on a tax-advantaged basis to pay for education expenses and even student loans.
- Taxable accounts: Beyond just specialized accounts, you can also put money away in general taxable accounts such as a brokerage account. The best brokerage accounts let you invest in potential high-return assets such as stocks and stock funds, and many also offer an attractive return on your cash too.
Factor your investments in the future into your budget so the money will be there when you need it. Investing for the future is one of the most difficult parts of the financial planning process, so it’s a great time to call in an expert to help you build this part of your plan.
5. Protect yourself with insurance
Life insurance is another element that can help your family keep moving toward its financial goals even in the event of a family member’s passing. Like the emergency fund, life insurance helps you avoid having to take drastic measures such as assuming high-cost debt.
Life insurance “is an important requirement when there are dependents, including children or a spouse,” says Stuart Boxenbaum, CFP, president, Statewide Financial Group in Jupiter, Florida.
But many families may slip up when it comes to getting enough coverage.
“The simple rule is to have the breadwinner’s total income multiplied by a minimum five years, or up to 10, for the death benefit,” says Boxenbaum. “If earnings are $100,000 a year, the minimum death benefit should be $500,000, [or it] could be up to $1 million.”
6. Revise your plan
It can be easy to make a plan and then not follow up as your life changes. And it will change. You’ll achieve some of your goals, children will be born, and other people will pass out of your life. And those changes mean that you need to adjust your family’s financial plan in response.
“When you accomplish your goals on time or even ahead of time like paying off debt, you can repurpose that cash flow towards your next financial objective,” says Mangaliman. “Parents may also need to downsize their living situation when their kids are no longer living in their home, thus updating the family’s financial plan.”
“However, unforeseen circumstances like critical health events or a decrease in pay can delay reaching certain objectives, and a family financial plan should be updated accordingly,” he says.
“Conducting an annual or semi-annual review is important,” says Boxenbaum.
Even if the result of that regular review is just “no changes,” the review will keep you thinking about your financial plan and how it might need to be adjusted over time.
Where family financial plans go wrong
Crafting a family financial plan is not easy because you have so many different variables to consider. Here are some common places where you could trip up:
- Lack of flexibility: Your financial plan should have some flexibility built in, especially around the budget. So build in room for expenses that could exceed the norm, such as winter heating bills or unexpected repairs. Saving too much never ends up being a problem, and it’s better to err in this direction than overspending.
- Not reviewing the plan regularly: Reviewing your plan regularly ensures that you’re working with the most up-to-date numbers, both for your income and expenses. It also allows you to adjust your budget to changes such as a new child and that child’s future education expenses, for example.
- Not calling in an expert when needed: Building an adequate financial plan can be complex. “The best place to start is by calling in a financial advisor that works with families and individuals to help you do calculations,” says Boxenbaum. “A professional advisor likely does these types of cases frequently.”
- Maintaining high-cost debt: High-cost debt can really cramp your lifestyle, and it can get worse over time if you don’t handle it. “Keeping credit card balances and other debts can feel like the norm, but it doesn’t have to be,” says Mangaliman. “Being intentional about paying off high-interest debt accelerates your family’s financial success.”
- Not reviewing insurance: Your insurance needs can change over time as your life changes. Review your coverage to be sure that you have what you need as well as that you’re not paying for coverage that you don’t need.
- Listening to unqualified advisors: Social media is full of unqualified people offering advice. Be very careful who you take advice from and understand the best practices.
Creating a financial plan can be overwhelming, but you can call in pros to help you get it done.
“Financial planners can give you support and personalized guidance on how to most efficiently reach your family’s financial goals,” says Mangaliman. “It’s important to seek a financial professional who can help you with a custom overall strategy instead of pitching a single product or service.”
Bankrate’s financial advisor matching tool can help you identify advisors who can help you build a financial plan for your family.
FAQs
Q: What is a family financial plan?
A: A family financial plan is a strategic approach to managing your family’s finances, taking into account your goals, income, expenses, investments, and insurance.
Q: Why is it important to have a family financial plan?
A: Having a family financial plan helps you track your financial goals, make informed decisions about spending and saving, and ensures the well-being of your family’s finances.
Q: How often should I review my family financial plan?
A: It is recommended to review your family financial plan annually or semi-annually to account for changes in your life circumstances and to ensure your plan is still aligned with your goals.
Conclusion
Building a financial plan can be a lot of work, but it can help you and your family reach your financial goals. Start with your family’s budget and work outward from there, calling in experts where you need them to help you make smart decisions and stay on track. Remember to regularly review and revise your plan to adapt to changing circumstances. With careful planning and expert advice, you can create a solid family financial plan that sets you up for a secure and successful financial future.